Puppet-valve



F D, SHEPHERD.

PUPPET VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 7. 1918.

1,329,809. Patented Fob. 3, 1920.

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PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK n. snnrnsnn, or sets ,LAKECITY, UTAH,

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 3,1920.

Application filed February 7, 1918. Serial No. 215,867.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK D. SHEPHERD, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Salt Lake City, in the county of Salt Lake and State of Utah, have invented 'a certain new and useful Improvement in uppet-Valves, and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and eXact'description thereof.

My invention relates to puppet valves for internal combustion engines, and more particularly to the spring means, and the parts associated therewith, for acting on the valve in opposition to thecustomary cam for lifting the valve, and setting forth theobjects of my invention generally they are there? duction in size of certain of the parts con-- corned whereby the quantity of material required and the weight thereof may be greatly reduced without any impairment of the efliciency of the mechanism whatever; economy of manufacture by simplification of the structure and otherwise, economy being secured in this way additionally to that which is secured by reduction of material, and all without any impairment of the efficiency of the mechanism; ease and convenience of manipulation in assembling the parts and removing them for access to the v lve and to them when necessary; and to secure the maximum power from the fuel used in the engine; and for the attainment of these objects and others which will be understood by those skilled in the art when the nature of the invention is understood from the specification and drawings, my invention consists in the improventients sub stantially as hereinafter specified and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a vertical section of enough of a gas engine to illustrate one embodiment of in y invention i) is a horizontal section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is tainer and the shown in Fig. 1; a

Fig. is a view similar to Fig. 1, but with the parts shown in side elevation and illustrating a form of dirt cap forthe oil hole in-the container thatinay be employed;

Fig. 5 a view similar to Fig. 1 illustrating another form of my invention;

Fig. 6 is a top plan view of the construction shown in Fig. 5; a

a bottom view of the spring convalve stem guide thereof Fig. 7 is a View similar to Fig. +1 of the construction shown in Fig. 5 but with the *alve head made, separate from the valve lifting stem.

My invention is not-limited in its appli ition to any particular type or construction of engine, andvit will therefore be unden stood that the engine construction shown. in the drawings isnierely illustrative and is shown in the drawings simply because it is desirable for the sakeof completeness of illustration of my invention.

As the valve mechanism is theings but one valve mechanism, and as my invention is not concerned with the valve lifting mechanism, I do not consider it necessary to illustrate any more of the latter than a portion of the stem through which the lifting); mechanism acts to raise the valve periodically from its seat.

In the drawings, 10 designates a cylinder, 11 the piston therein, 12 the cylinder head, 13 the valve seat, 1% the valve head for controlling communication between the cylinder 10 and the chamber 15 (either theintake or the exhaust). and 16 the 'valve lifting stem.

In the cylinder head I provide an intern ally threaded opening 17that extends from the outer end of the head into the port 18 controlled by the valve mechanism an screwed into said hole is oneend of a cylindrical shell 19 a gas-tight joint being provided by packing or a gasket between a shoulder on the shell 19, and the outer ad- 'jacent surface of the cylinder head. The

outer end of the shell 19 is closed by a cap 20 which has a downwardly extending flange 21 which extends over the outer end of the shell 19 on the outside and is screwed thereon, the interior of the flange being threaded and the exterior of the adjacent portion of the shell. 19 being threaded for this screw connection. By applying the cap 20 to the shell in the manner described no portion of the shell is taken up by the connection between the ca and the shell, and thus the interior of tiie shellneed be only large enough to accommodate the spring and associated parts, all as hereinsame for both intake-and exhaust, I show in the drawafter set forth, and thus the heightor length 9 e f e 11 1 11a g ske the inner end of the shell 19.

From the inner end of the chamber 23 which the shell 19 contains, an opening of considerably less diameter than the chamber 23 extends through the container and in which is slid-ably fitted a stern 24 reaching at its inner end to the valve head 14 and at its outer end into the chamber 23, and said stein Inoves outward when the valve is lifted from its seat and it is the means of transmitting to the valve the force of the spring means within the chamber 23 for seating the valve and yieldingly holding the head 14 to its seat. /Vithin the chamber 23 and at the inner end thereof and in position to act upon and with the stem 2 is a dislr25 which slidingly fits the walls of the chamber :23 and between the outer face of said disk and the inner end of the cap 20, I interpose a plurality of concentric coil springs 26, the springs being thus nested one within the other. 1 are thus enabled to use a shell or container that is very short compared with a construction employing a single spring, and yet the plurality of springs enables ample spring pressure to be applied to the valve head i l to move it to its seat and hold it there until lifted by the valve lifting mechanism. Moreover the nesting of the springs one within the other fills up the space within the chamber 23 and thus nialzes unnecess U the use of any cial filling device to diminish the volume of tie clianiber for the purpose of preventing an accumulation of gas in any substantial quantity by leakage through the opening provided for the valve stem Any as that may find its into the chamber n3 cannot escape therefrom into the atmos phere because of the gas-tight closure of the outer end of the chamber 23 by the cap 20.

Preferably the disk has an upstanding or ila vvhl h makes of the disk a 26; to prevent any cushion or suction ion between the dis a: .nd the inner end the chamber 23, l perforate the disk 25 with several holes 28 which allow the free passage of air from one side of the disk to the other during its movements.

In the interest oi? economy and weight it may be desired to snake the container 19 oil a material not hard enough to stand the wear of the stem 2 To enable this to be done I employ a bushing; 29 of the desired hard material which contains vthe hole through which the 24 passes and slides, said bushing 29 being of the thinible form with a flange or head 30 at the and toward the valve head is seated in a reces 31 in My object in employing the head 30 and placing-it in 'Ithc position described is that by the pressure which it receives y the engine pressure and not displaced or it will be kept in place moved out of position It can thus be recess 31 s cause such edge e head 30 at such crewed into place gastig 1t and held from unintentional o1. a cidental turningby the use of a center h to upset the screw thread.

For the application of oil to the sliding members, I provide in the center of the cap 20 an oil hole 32which may as shown in 1 be closed by'a ball valve 33 yield ingly held to its seat by the pressure oi the outer end of the innermost coil spring so that unless the valve is moved from its for oiling purpose the air tight condition of the chamber 23 is maintained.

The exterior of the container 19 at mid len th is flattened or polygonal and a portion of the cap 20 is on the exterior correiy formed, for the appl cation of i tool. 4 a my invention illustrated 1 and 4, the valve head i l and the val e stem 2% are not integral or otherwise conne ted but are separate; as illust l the oil hole 32 is closed by 8% to prevent dirt finding its its c: oif st al 24:0 is

m 1: pliration o v, as show pro v idcd 1 a va LY P w bci' or tin? with an on. i a l i aw." A l as a oeveleu in a 1121s an in- 1 closely fits lly progecting c v e coils o l. s thereby forms a guide or suppoie latter, and is otherwise useful in that it takes up some of Cit the space within the chamber 23. It is formed at its inner end to receive a valve grinding tool as by means of a slot Extending from the valve 4:2 outward 1n the oil hole 40 said valve has a guiding stem L5 that is cruciform in cross section so as to provide channels or passages for the liow oi oil when it is forced off its seat. In the construction shown in Fig. 5 the outer end oi the cap 20 is reduced and the polygonal formation is provided on such reduced portion for the application of the wrench or other turning tool.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in Fig. 7 the valve head l l is shown integral with the upper valve stem 940 but separate from the lifting stem 161; but the construction in other respects is the same as that illustrated in Fig. 5 with the addition of a dirt cap L6 in the form of a split cup that its friction tight over the end of the valve stem projecting above the cap 20.

As will be evident from the various constructions illustrated in the drawing as embodying my invention, such invention is not restricted to any precise construction and arrangement of parts and besides changes in detail of the order of those illustrated in the drawings, other changes in such respects may be made and constructions may be employed that will embody only some of the characteristics oi the structures illustrated in the drawings, and hence the scope of my invention is to be understood as having no restrictions beyond what is imposed by the language of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is:

1. In an internal combustion engine, a puppet valve controlling a port in direct connection with the cylinder, means to seat the valve comprising a valve stem, a closed container in ving aguide for the valve stem, a plurality of concentric springs substantially filling said container, a moving member within the container on which all the springs simultaneously act and which engages the valve stem, said container having a portion that forms the stationary reaction member.

2. In an internal. combustion engine, a puppet valve controlling a port in direct conncction with the cylinder, means to seat the valve comprising a valve stem, a closed container having a guide for the valve stem, a plurality of concentric springs substantially filling said container, a moving member within the container on which all. the

movable cap having a flange fitting over the outer side of the container.

3. A puppet valve comprising a shell, aplurality of nested coil springs within the shell, means for transmitting the force of all the springs to the valve, a hole through the outer end of the shell, and a valve at the inner end of said hole, said valve being acted upon by one of said springs.

i. A puppet valve of the class described having a spring inclosing chamber, a stem reaching from the chamber to the valve on the outside thereof, means to transmit the force of the spring through said stem to the valve, a bushing through which the stem passes having at its end toward the valve a shell engaging enlargement.

5. A puppet valve of the class described having a: spring inclosing chamber, a stem reaching from the chamber to the valve on the outside thereof, means to transmit the force of the spring through said stem to the valve, a bushing through which the stem passes having at its end toward the valve a shell engaging enlargement, said end of the bushing having a recess and the valve stem having a fillet toward the recess, and the bottom of the recess being of larger diameter than the stem.

6. A puppet valve comprising a shell, a plurality of nested coil springs within the shell, means for transmitting the force of all the springs to the valve, a hole through the outer end of the shell, a valve at the inner end of said hole, said valve being acted upon by one of said springs, and said valve having a stem extending into the coils of the spring which engages it.

7. A puppet valve comprising a shell, a plurality of nested coil springs within the shell, means for transmitting the force of all the springs to the valve, a hole through the outer end of the shell, a valve at the inner end of said hole, said valve being acted upon by one of said springs, said valve having a stem. extending into the coils oi the spring which engages it, and the end of said stem being formed to re ceive a valve grinding tool.

8. A puppet valve of the class described having a spring inclosing chamber, a stem reaching from the chamber to the valve on the outside thereof, means to transmit the force of the sprin through said stem to the valve, a bushing through which the stem passes having at its end toward the valve a shell engaging enlargement or head, the outer corner of the head being beveled.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand.

FRANK n. snnrnnnn. 

